‘Nicholas II, Wilhelm II and the 1905 Treaty of Björkö’
On 24th (O.S. 11th) July 1905 – Emperor Nicholas II and German Emperor Wilhelm II, met off the Finnish coast, where they signed the Treaty of Björkö, a secret Russian-German defense accord between the two empires.
The treaty was never ratified due to opposition from authoritative political circles on both sides, mainly because it was directed against existing alliance commitments between Russia and France.
